K-Factor in Sprinklers (Simple High-Impact) "Why K-Factor Matters in Fire Sprinklers - Especially for Hazard-Based Density Design" Most engineers talk about density... but forget that choosing the wrong K-factor directly affects flow, pressure, and the entire hydraulic demand of your system. Here's the simplest explanation What is the K-Factor? The K-Factor is a sprinkler's flow coefficient, showing how much water it will discharge at a given pressure. Formula: Q = K*sqrt{P} Where: Q = Flow (gpm