When you compare Java vs. Python application development in terms of simplicity, conciseness, security and performance, Java comes out on top in every category.

For the first time in the history of TIOBE's index, Java has slipped out of the top two, leaving Python to occupy the spot behind reigning champion, C.

Java proponents see the language gaining traction in AI and machine learning as AI becomes incorporated into business logic.

Microsoft announced the general availability of Semantic Kernel for Python and Java, advancing the open source AI integration SDK that is a key component of the company's Copilot stack of AI tools.