os.path.join (folder, filename) ensures the path is correct for the system. On Windows, it uses backslashes (reports\summary.txt); on Linux and macOS it uses forward slashes (reports/summary.txt).

I tested Claude 4.5 against ChatGPT-5 in 9 challenges from logic puzzles to storytelling. Here’s which AI won.

Abstract: This paper introduces a digital twin modeling method for hydropower systems with Kaplan turbines using probability density function (PDF) shaping. We first use multilayer perceptron (MLP) ...

UQLM provides a suite of response-level scorers for quantifying the uncertainty of Large Language Model (LLM) outputs. Each scorer returns a confidence score between 0 and 1, where higher scores ...

Abstract: Robots built from soft materials will inherently apply lower environmental forces than their rigid counterparts, and therefore may be more suitable in sensitive settings with unintended ...

from openai import OpenAI import json openai_api_key = "EMPTY" openai_api_base = "http://localhost:8000/v1" model = "" client = OpenAI( api_key=openai_api_key, base ...