Effective learning isn't just about finding the easiest path—it's about the right kind of challenge. Two prominent theories—Desirable Difficulties (DDF) and Cognitive Load Theory (CLT)—offer valuable ...

Modern classrooms are filled with the language of cognitive science. We talk about student engagement, working memory, attention, mindset, and cognitive load as if we can observe these things directly ...

Behaviorism was born from research done by Ivan Pavlov in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Pavlov’s research into animal digestion led to the recognition that the animals that were being ...

We know not everyone learns and retains information the same way, so what can we do to make sure that everyone benefits from their education? The aim of research in educational psychology is to ...

When discussing learning transfer—the ability to apply previous knowledge, skills, and strategies to new contexts or situations—we should also be mindful of our learners’ cognitive load. Cognitive ...

Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) explains how learning is influenced by the limited capacity of working memory. By understanding and managing different types of cognitive load, faculty can design more ...