Arduino peripherals, including Arduino shields, sometimes take up multiple I/O pins and leave little room to create a project that requires multiple Arduino peripherals.

Getting down to Arduino basics, PWM output is possible in an Arduino (Uno) on its digital I/O pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Here the “analogWrite” function can be used to set the PWM duty cycle.

The Arduino team explain more about the origins of the iconic Arduino UNO microcontroller “As familiar as we all are with the UNO, there’s probably a lot you don’t know about the iconic ...

Features common to Arduino R4 – ‘WiFi’ (€25, below) and ‘Minima’ (€18, right) IO connections are in physically similar positions to Uno R3, and IO remains 5V.