Cells in Excel are referred to using relative or absolute references. A formula with relative references changes when the cell's position does.

Q: My partner says there’s an F4 shortcut to creating absolute cell references in Excel formulas, but for the life of me I can’t make it work.

Absolute references are particularly useful when performing calculations that involve fixed values or when you need to maintain the integrity of specific cell references.

Unlike relative references, absolute references do not change when copied or filled. You can use an absolute reference to keep a row and/or column constant.

How to reference cells with the COUNTIF function in Excel Your email has been sent Use COUNTIF to count values in a range that meet a certain condition and return a specified number to the cell ...