Formulation scientists are behind the conversion of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) into stable, bioavailable, and commercially viable dosage forms, rarely a simple process. Image Credit: ...

As chips shrink to the nanometer scale, precise control over every fabrication step becomes essential. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has emerged as a cornerstone of nanoelectronics, enabling the ...

The microbiome of every food product is incredibly diverse and can include everything from innocuous background flora to foodborne pathogens. Starter cultures, spoilage organisms, and probiotics are ...

An established tool for the authentication and conservation of fine art paintings, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) typically requires the removal of small sample sections for analysis.