Complexity theory is a branch of computer science that studies the resources required to solve computational problems, particularly focusing on the classification of problems based on their inherent ...

Recently, a research team from Hokkaido University made significant progress in the complexity study of the Hitting Geodesic Intervals (HGI) problem. The HGI problem aims to find a small set of ...

Quantum computers promise significantly shorter computing times for complex problems. But there are still only a few quantum computers worldwide with a limited number of so-called qubits. However, ...

The most widely used technique for finding the largest or smallest values of a math function turns out to be a fundamentally difficult computational problem. Many aspects of modern applied research ...

In this paper, we address an interesting variant of the vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) faced by the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC). The CNPC owns a limited number of ...