Evaluating S-parameters and other CW stimulus responses is essential for characterising rf amplifiers. An rf vector network analyser (VNA) plays a critical role for this purpose, and proper ...

In Part 3 of RF Fundamentals, we will focus on the challenges related to the need to generate and demodulate analog and digitally modulated signals in the RF signal chain. We’ll review CW signal ...

The term “impedance matching” is rather straightforward. It’s simply defined as the process of making one impedance look like another. Frequently, it becomes necessary to match a load impedance to the ...

In this article, we point out some important facts in designing RF application PCB boards. Of course there are many other facts that are not listed below but for the beginners these may be enough for ...

These days we’re surrounded by high-speed electronics and it’s no small feat that they can all play nicely in near proximity to each other. We have RF emissions standards to thank, which ensure new ...

Calculations and tables often are used to determine whether a broadcast site is compliant with the RF radiation exposure regulations of the Federal Communications Commission. There are situations, ...

Often underestimated, RF field probes are critical to the implementation of a proper radiated immunity test system. All too often, system specifiers gloss over this essential element after having ...