An AI neural network that uses light instead of electricity. Optical neural networks (ONNs) offer the potential for higher speed because regular chips can only trigger a limited number of transistors ...

Research on ONNs began as early as the 1960s. To clearly illustrate the development history of ONNs, this review presents the evolution of related research work chronologically at the beginning of the ...

Neural networks are one typical structure on which artificial intelligence can be based. The term neural describes their learning ability, which to some extent mimics the functioning of neurons in our ...

A technical paper titled “Training neural networks with end-to-end optical backpropagation” was published by researchers at University of Oxford and Lumai Ltd. “Optics is an exciting route for the ...

Researchers developed a fully integrated photonic processor that can perform all the key computations of a deep neural network on a photonic chip, using light. This advance could improve the speed and ...

The deep neural network models that power today’s most demanding machine-learning applications are pushing the limits of traditional electronic computing hardware, according to scientists working on a ...

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), with its exceptional image recognition capabilities, have performed outstandingly in the field of AI and notably within platforms like ChatGPT. Recently, a team ...

Layered metasurfaces trained as optical neural networks enable multifunctional holograms and security features, integrating neural computation principles with nanostructured optics to create a ...

The idea of optical computing—the use of photons instead of electrons to perform computational operations—has been around for decades. However, interest has resurged in recent years; the potential for ...