Functions are the driving force of any Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, generating a single value or an array of results based on ...

You use these functions when you want to find values based on the value in a corresponding cell. Thanks to the newish dynamic array function XLOOKUP (), you now have more power and less confusion.

Despite this drawback, the `INDEX` function provides a straightforward way to integrate dynamic arrays into tables by selecting and displaying individual values.

To extract and sort non-adjacent arrays in your data, nest the CHOOSECOLS or CHOOSEROWS functions inside your SORT or SORTBY ...

Excel has SumIf and CountIf, but no AverageIf. However, with a little array magic, you can get Excel to average values, conditionally.

Excel has announced a new array-based function called SORT, which can be used to sort data in one or more columns without involving a manual sort process or a complicated macro process.

If you work with a large dataset or usually query the same data in an Excel table, then you should use the VLOOKUP function to make your life easier – here's how.