A topic that's often very confusing for beginners when using neural networks is data normalization and encoding. Because neural networks work internally with numeric data, binary data (such as sex, ...

Motion is characterized by a series of positions an object traverses over time. An object presented sequentially at two positions, with a time delay between them, is sufficient for us to perceive ...

A critical function performed by visual systems is the fast and reliable detection of features within the environment, such as moving objects or approaching threats. Neurons predicted to encode these ...