Health researchers need to fully understand the underlying assumptions to uncover cause and effect. Timothy Feeney and Paul Zivich explain Physicians ask, answer, and interpret myriad causal questions ...

In the article that accompanies this editorial, Lu et al 5 conducted a systematic review on the use of instrumental variable (IV) methods in oncology comparative effectiveness research. The main ...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful force for innovation, transforming the way we interact with digital information. At the core of this change is AI inference. This is the stage when a trained ...

Are inferences the next frontier of data protection? Social media and other technology companies are increasingly making inferences from data collected from individuals. They may be able to infer ...

Big data is like the Atlantic Ocean; it’s huge and deep and full of power but we know that—whatever we have done so far—we have barely touched its potential. One example of tapping the potential of ...

We all know businesses collect our data. But did you know that businesses can draw inferences from those data to determine whether a consumer is married, or is a homeowner, or is a likely voter?