uMkhonto weSizwe - Wikipedia
WEBuMkhonto weSizwe (Xhosa pronunciation: [um̩ˈkʰonto we ˈsizwe]; abbreviated MK; English: Spear of the Nation) was the paramilitary wing of the African National Congress (ANC), founded by Nelson Mandela in the wake of the Sharpeville massacre.
Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) | Meaning, Significance, Impact, & Facts
WEBSep 4, 2024 · Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) was the paramilitary wing of the African National Congress (ANC) from 1961 until 1993. The group carried out waves of sabotage and guerrilla attacks against South Africa’s apartheid government, which sanctioned racial segregation and discrimination against nonwhites in the country.
uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) | South African History Online
WEBUmkhonto weSizwe ("Spear of the Nation") or 'MK' as it was more commonly known, was launched on the 16th December 1961. On the same day in 1838, the Afrikaners had defeated the Zulus at the Battle of the Blood River and it was perhaps significant that the armed struggle was launched on this particular day, more than one hundred years later.
uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) in exile | South African History Online
WEBThat same year in June a founder member of COSAS and an ANC activist, Sizwe Kondile from Port Elizabeth, was abducted and killed by members of the Vlakplaas security police unit. Kondile, who worked closely with Chris Hani was …
uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Timeline 1961-1990 - South African …
WEBuMkhonto weSizwe (Spear of the Nation or MK), the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC), was jointly formed by leading members of the banned ANC and South African Communist Party (SACP) in 1961. The decision was endorsed by …
Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK): The ANC’s Armed Wing, 1961–1993
WEB"Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK): The ANC’s Armed Wing, 1961–1993" published on by Oxford University Press. Launched in 1961 by leaders of the African National Congress (ANC) of South Africa and the South African Communist Party (SACP), Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) was the military wing of the ANC until its disbandment in 1993. The initial stage of MK’s ...
South African Military History Society - Journal- UMKHONTO WE SIZWE
WEBJun 5, 2000 · The creation of Umkhonto We Sizwe (MK) in 1961 witnessed the emergence of new tradition in South Africa's military history. It represented the creation of a modern guerilla army, inseparably part of a broader liberation movement, that had as its mission the pursuit of a guerilla war against the armed forces of the State in support of the ...
Mandela’s Army: Urban Revolt in South Africa, 1960–1964
WEBNov 13, 2019 · This article focuses on Nelson Mandela’s tenure as the first commander-in-chief of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK). It emphasises his objectives for MK as reflected in the archive of diaries, notebooks and reports that he produced at the time.
Umkhonto we Sizwe : The ANC’s Armed Struggle - Google Books
WEBMar 1, 2016 · The armed struggle waged by the ANC’s military wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), was the longest sustained insurgency in South African history. This book offers the first full account of the...
Umkhonto We Sizwe (MK): How the armed struggle succeeded …
WEBDec 5, 2016 · Thus ran the clarion call of the Manifesto of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) clandestinely posted in public places in South Africa as the first bomb blasts heralding its existence exploded at...
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